A projectile is fired from the edge of a cliff as shown in the figure at an angle of 30∘ above the horizontal. The cliff is 20 m high. The initial velocity is 13.4 m/s. The projectile reaches maximum height at point P and then falls and strikes the ground at point Q. How far from the base of the cliff does the projectile land (in m)? Neglect air resistance and use g = 9.81m s2 as the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity.
![A penguin of 7 kg stands at the edge of an ice cliff and dives into the ocean below. The penguin has an initial velocity of 5 ms−1 and at an angle of 60∘ with respect to the horizontal. The cliff is 15 m above the water level. Assume air resistance is negligible and take the value of the acceleration due to gravity as 9.81 ms−1. Calculate: a) The time it takes for the penguin to hit the water. [3 marks] b) The horizontal distance travelled by the penguin before hitting the water. [2 marks] c) The velocity of the penguin just before hitting the water. [3 marks] d) The momentum of the penguin in unit vector notation at the highest point (with respect to the water level) of its projectile. [2 marks] e) Supposed that upon splashing on the water, the magnitude of the vertical component of the velocity found in part (c) above is being reduced by half in 0.2 seconds while the horizontal component remained the same, determine the impulsive force experience by the penguin. [2 marks].](https://www.doubtrix.com/uploads/editor/7669666301lraWjZPvzV.jpg)
